A person’s immigration status determines whether they can work in the UK and access public funds.
All non‑UK nationals must have leave to enter or remain unless they have the right of abode or are exempt from immigration control. For example, Irish citizens are exempt, so they do not need leave to enter or remain to visit or live in the UK.
A person with indefinite leave to remain or settled status is not restricted from working or accessing public funds. The only exception is people with adult dependent relative leave, who can have an NRPF condition for a limited period.
People with temporary permission to stay (limited leave to enter or remain) may have conditions attached to their stay. These usually relate to:
Most people who come to the UK to visit, study or work are given a 'No Recourse to Public Funds’ (NRPF) condition. If someone has NRPF, they cannot claim most benefits or access local authority housing assistance.
People with leave under the EU Settlement Scheme (EUSS) can access public funds but may still need to meet a right to reside test to qualify for certain benefits.
Page updated: 16 March 2025
Being free to enter and live in the UK without having to obtain leave to remain. Applies to Commonwealth citizens in certain circumstances.
Being exempt from the requirement to apply for leave to enter or remain. For example, Irish citizens and people who are in diplomatic service.
Immigration permission issued on entry to the UK, usually after prior entry clearance has been obtained before arrival.
Immigration permission issued to a person in the UK, usually after a person has made an application to Home Office.
